Theses and dissertations (Management Sciences)

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Human resource information system (HRIS) adoption for organisational effectiveness in selected Ghanaian technical universities
(2026-05) Gyamfi, Esther; Henha-Eyono, Edwige Pauline Ngo; Nkrumah, Maame Afua
Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS) have become indispensable tools in enhancing organisational effectiveness through streamlined HR practices and data- driven decision-making. However, studies on HRIS within the Ghanaian University context have not received the necessary attention. This study explored the extent of HRIS adoption and its impact on organisational effectiveness within four selected technical universities in Ghana. Adopting a convergent parallel mixed-methods design underpinned by a pragmatic research paradigm, the study collected data from 306 senior members through quantitative methods and conducted qualitative interviews with three (3) participants. Purposive sampling for qualitative data and cluster and simple random sampling for quantitative data was employed. Thematic and statistical analyses were used to explore current HR processes, HRIS adoption, influencing factors and impacts on organisational effectiveness. Findings reveal that while HR practices across the universities displayed strengths, there were notable gaps requiring improvement. HRIS adoption, although integral to daily administrative functions, showed variability in its effectiveness across recruitment, compensation management and broader HRM integration. Infrastructure deficiencies, such as unreliable internet and inadequate ICT resources, emerged as significant barriers to HRIS adoption, while factors like perceived complexity and data security concerns were not significant hindrances. The study also highlights the potential of HRIS to enhance operational efficiency and organisational learning and growth, although uncertainties remain regarding its financial impact on HR costs. A conceptual framework was developed based on the Balanced Scorecard perspectives to holistically evaluate HRIS' impact on organisational effectiveness. This framework underscores the importance of strategic alignment between technology and institutional goals, offering practical insights for improved HRIS adoption and utilisation. By integrating qualitative and quantitative findings, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of HRIS adoption in Ghanaian technical universities, paving the way for informed policy and practice interventions.
Motivational strategies for improved performance of multigenerational non-academic staff at a selected state university in Zimbabwe
(2026-05) Muchowe, Regis Misheal; Rajlal, Ashnee; Chitamba, Anos
A lack of frameworks on the motivation of multi-generational non-academic staff motivated this empirical study to develop a framework for motivation and performance for multigenerational non-academic staff at universities using the Zimbabwe Open University (ZOU) as a case study. In developing this framework, the study investigated existing motivational strategies and challenges in motivating multi-generational non-academic staff. The study also determined the relationships between intrinsic motivation and performance and extrinsic motivation and performance. In particular, the research tested the mediating role of generational cohorts on the effects of intrinsic motivation on performance and extrinsic motivation on performance. This empirical study was quantitative with 216 respondents who were Generation X, Y, and Z non-academic staff at the ZOU. The response rate for the questionnaires distributed was 92%. Data analysis was conducted through the Statistical Package for Social Science version 30.0 for Windows. Cronbach’s alpha test demonstrated that the research was reliable. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin, Bartlett’s, and goodness of fit indices tests illustrate no issues with sample adequacy, factor analysis, and model fitness. Descriptive statistics illustrate that transport allowance, job security, staff development, meaningful work, and promotional opportunities are existing motivational strategies. The empirical research demonstrates that budgetary constraints, administration costs, difficulty adhering to labour laws, different preferences in feedback, and differences in values are challenges in motivating multi-generational non-academic staff. The descriptive statistics demonstrated that Generation X employees were mainly motivated extrinsically. In contrast, Generation Z employees were mainly motivated intrinsically, while Generation Y employees were primarily motivated by extrinsic and intrinsic strategies. Hypothesis testing was conducted through regression analysis, Chi-square tests, and Andrew F. Hayes' tests for mediation analysis. The results show that intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are positively correlated with performance. Generation X was significantly extrinsically motivated and not significantly intrinsically motivated. Generation Y was motivated considerably by both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Generation Z was significantly intrinsically motivated and not significantly extrinsically motivated. The study shows that generational cohort mediated both the effects of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation on performance. The research presents a framework based on what motivates each generational cohort, the positive and negative outcomes, and recommendations for boosting motivation.
Identification of clinical performance indicators in the emergency setting the use of e-governance service delivery in the eThekwini Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal
(2026-05) Ngcobo, Bongekile Gloria; Mbandlwa, Zamokuhle
Background: E-governance, which is the use of information and communication technology in public or private service delivery, has been adopted by many nations throughout the globe, including South Africa. It is a convenient, efficient and transparent way that can ensure that government institutions become more accountable and responsible. The desire for a more personalised interaction between government and citizens has, according to various studies, increased over the past few years. This has prompted a growing need for citizen- and business-focused digital government. Aim of the Study: This study therefore sought to investigate the role being played by e-governance on service delivery in the eThekwini municipality of Kwa-Zulu Natal. At the same time the study discusses the challenges faced by the eThekwini municipality in providing effective service delivery through e-governance and provide possible recommendations that could be implemented to ensure effective service delivery in the eThekwini municipality through e-governance. Methodology: The convergent mixed method research approach was used in this study. Survey questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to collect primary data from eThekwini citizens, businesspeople, as well municipal workers. These participants were selected using convenience and purposive sampling. The latest version of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the quantitative data collected and thematic analysis for analysing the qualitative data. Results: The findings reveal that both staff and citizens are relatively open to egovernment services; however, there are numerous hurdles such as internet connectivity, the user interfaces, and digital literacy that need to be overcome to improve the ‘buy-in’ and usage by both staff and citizens. Conclusion: The study highlighted both the achievements and challenges associated with e-governance in the eThekwini Municipality. The municipality’s adoption of ICT in service delivery has yielded improvements in efficiency and accessibility for digitally connected residents, demonstrating the potential of e-governance to enhance public services. However, barriers, such as digital infrastructure gaps, organisational resistance, and socio-economic disparities, limit the full realisation of these benefits.
Supervision processes and employee reactions : a study of selected indigenous banks in the Western region of Ghana
(2026-05) Mensah, Philip; Okeke-Uzodike, Obianuju Ebele
This study sought to evaluate the context of supervision processes and employees’ reactions in selected indigenous banks within the Western Region of Ghana. Grounded on leader-member exchange (LMX), norm of reciprocity, and social support theories, the specific objectives covered the relationships among dysfunctional supervision processes, high-performing employees (HPEs), employee silence and employee alienation, the mediating role of HPEs, and the moderating roles of promotion practices and political skill. Adopting an explanatory sequential mixed methods design and multistage cluster sampling to select 227 participants for the quantitative study, a questionnaire was utilised to collect data on a cross-sectional basis, while an interview schedule was applied to collect qualitative data from 20 participants selected using a purposive sampling technique. SmartPLS 4 was used to analyse quantitative data, while content analysis was used for qualitative data. The combined results depict the findings as follows: i). Dysfunctional supervision processes undermined the performance of HPEs. ii) Employee silence and employee alienation were adopted as nonconfrontational strategies to respond to dysfunctional supervisory behaviours. iii). Dysfunctional supervision processes indirectly encouraged subordinates to adopt employee silence and employee alienation by diminishing HPEs’ positive attributes. iv). Promotion practices strengthen the role HPEs play in reducing employee silence, but not employee alienation. v). Political skill did not strengthen to the extent that dysfunctional supervision processes diminish the performance of HPEs. vi). A model on dysfunctional supervision processes and employee reactions was developed to clarify the relationships among the constructs to be used within the indigenous banking sector in Ghana. Based on these findings, the study recommends that management in indigenous institutions in Ghana: (i), prioritise leadership development programs to promote ethical and supportive supervision; (ii), proactively recognise and reward HPEs who exemplify openness, collaboration, and knowledge sharing, as signals to employees that speaking up and supporting colleagues are valued and rewarded; and (ii), to ensure that promotion decisions are predicated on fair and clear performance criteria to encourage employees to collaborate, share information and ideas, thereby reducing employee silence.
Exploring the educational tourism impact: participants' perceptions of South Africa's class afloat program on travel and tourism
(2026-05) Mbhalati, Themba; Hlengwa, Dumsile Cynthia
This study investigates the effectiveness of educational tourism in promoting travel, using the SEAmester program as a case study. As an emerging form of experiential learning, educational tourism seeks to bridge the gap between formal, informal and non-formal educational paradigms by offering real-world experiences beyond traditional classroom settings. The research aimed to assess the impact of a 10-day research cruise aboard the SA Agulhas II on participants’ academic and professional trajectories, as well as their inclination toward future travel. Semi-structured interviews and online questionnaire methods were employed involving both SEAmester participants and program facilitators. Thematic analysis revealed that the SEAmester program significantly enhanced participants' disciplinary knowledge, career aspirations, and global awareness. Key triumphs of the program included cross disciplinary collaboration, mentorship opportunities and increased scientific literacy. Conversely, challenges such as physical exhaustion, sea-sickness and emotional fatigue limitations emerged as barriers to optimal learning. The study found a strong association between participation in the SEAmester program and increased enthusiasm for travel and pursuit of careers related to marine studies, thereby rejecting the null hypothesis that no significant relationship exists between educational tourism and career or travel outcomes. These findings align with existing literature highlighting the transformative potential of educational tourism. The study concludes that educational tourism when properly designed and supported, can serve as a powerful tool for academic enrichment and personal development. It recommends expanding such programs through increased funding, inclusive access, and post-program mentorship to amplify the long-term impact. This research contributes to the expanding discourse on educational tourism as a sustainable and innovative way for knowledge acquisition and the promotion of global citizenship.
A framework for the training needs of writing centre staff supporting the development of postgraduate students at selected UoTs in KZN
(2026-03) Mutsvairigwa, Patience; Govender, Nereshnee; Lourens, Melanie
This study explored the training and development needs of Writing Centre staff who supported postgraduate students at two Universities of Technology (UoTs) in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Drawing on human capital, behaviourist, cognitivist, constructivist, social learning, and humanistic learning theories, this research aimed to develop a contextually grounded framework for tutor preparation that would enable responsive, discipline-sensitive academic writing support. A parallel mixed-methods design was employed: qualitatively, data was gathered through semi-structured interviews with 6 Writing Centre practitioners and 10 postgraduate students, and focus-group discussions with 10 tutors; quantitatively, a closed-ended questionnaire was completed by 336 postgraduate students. Qualitative data was subjected to Thematic Content Analysis with the aid of NVivo version 15 software to identify prevailing training gaps and participants’ experiences, while quantitative responses were analysed for frequencies and correlations among key Writing Centre support dimensions using SPSS version 28. The findings suggest that while Writing Centre staff are generally perceived as competent and supportive, there is a clear need for ongoing training and professional development. Findings revealed that existing tutor training had not been tailored to postgraduate needs and relied primarily on initial orientation, peer learning, role-play and reflective exercises. On the basis of these results, a conceptual training framework was constructed, encompassing foundational pedagogical theories, discipline-specific genre conventions, scaffolding, diversity awareness, reflective practice feedback strategies and ongoing professional development through mentorship and communities of practice. This study has demonstrated the transformative potential of well-trained tutors in addressing the challenges of postgraduate writing support and in contributing to the broader goals of higher education. As Writing Centres continue to evolve, the insights and recommendations from this study serve as a valuable resource for fostering excellence in academic support and empowering postgraduate students to achieve their full potential.
An analysis of public relations reading and writing support practices in contributing to student success at the DUT
(2025-11) Joseph, Shonalee Prenisha; Govender, Nereshnee
South African higher education is marked by profound disparities in students’ prior schooling experiences, languages of instruction, and levels of academic preparedness and many entrants to universities arrive with uneven mastery of the reading and writing conventions expected in higher education. This study explored the influence of a university-based Writing Centre on the development of academic literacies, specifically reading and writing, among first-year Public Relations (PR) students. Recognising the uneven educational backgrounds from which many first year students come from, and the discipline-specific demands for clear, strategic communication, this research examined how targeted writing support can bridge gaps in preparedness and foster both academic success while at university and professional competence when students enter industry. Grounded in the Academic Literacies Model, situated within the broader New Literacy Studies (NLS) paradigm, which conceptualises literacy as a socially situated practice, this research examined how writing centre interventions mediate access to the ‘hidden curriculum’ of public relations discourse (Lea & Street 1998; Lillis & Scott 2007). Employing an interpretative, qualitative case‐study design, data was collected through semi-structured interviews with public relations lecturers and writing centre staff, and focus-group discussions with first-year public relations students from a selected University of Technology (UoT) in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. This research analysed students’ perceptions and experiences of reading and writing at the writing centre; and lecturers’ and writing centre practitioners’ views on the impact of collaborative practice. Thematic analysis highlighted key themes underscoring the value of integrated, discipline-responsive literacy initiatives in improving critical reading and writing strategies and strengthening professional writing competencies. Findings revealed that writing centres not only operate as collaborative spaces that enhance students’ ability to compose reports, strategic proposals and case analyses with clarity and confidence, but also cultivate critical thinking essential for evaluating real-world public relations scenarios and develop the critical agency to transfer literacy practices into academic and industry contexts. This study demonstrated how Academic Literacies praxis in writing centres can contribute to redressing educational inequities and enhance both academic performance and professional readiness for public relations graduates. Recommendations include deepening collaboration with public relations lecturers to embed writing centre workshops directly into core modules such as campaign planning and media relations, ensuring sustained and contextualised engagement rather than one-off sessions. Other recommendations include providing specialised training for writing centre tutors to expose tutors to public relations genres and to create collaborative communities of practice where writing centre staff, public relations academics and students can share emerging genre trends and pedagogical approaches. These initiatives can create empowering learning environments that not only address gaps but actively enhance both the academic success and professional readiness of public relations graduates, ultimately contributing to more equitable, practice-informed higher education.
The role of entrepreneurship education in developing entrepreneurial intentions among students at the Takoradi Technical University in Ghana
(2025-11) Adam, Hafiz; Zogli, Luther-King Junior
Graduate unemployment in Ghana remains a pressing concern, prompting successive governments to prioritize entrepreneurship education (EE) as a strategic intervention. Despite its growing emphasis, the impact of EE on promoting entrepreneurial intentions (EI) among students has been inconsistent, particularly in relation to the mediating role of practical learning in academic programmes. This study investigates the influence of EE on students’ EI, focusing on the effects of practical learning in programmes (PLP) in the context of Takoradi Technical University (TTU), a premier institution in Ghana's technical and vocational education sector. Guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) (Ajzen, 1991), the study employed a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional survey and collected data from 537 students across 28 departments offering entrepreneurship courses. A structured online questionnaire, adapted from established Entrepreneurship Intention Questionnaires (EIQs), captured data on EE delivery, perceptions of PLP and entrepreneurial constructs attitudes towards entrepreneurship (ATE), subjective norms (SN) and perceived behavioural control (PBC). Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study assessed the relationships between EE, PLP and EI. The findings revealed that EE positively influenced students’ SN and PBC but had no significant effect on their entrepreneurial attitudes. Practical learning played a pivotal mediating role, strengthening the impact of EE on SN and PBC, though it did not directly influence entrepreneurial attitudes. These results underscore the critical importance of experiential learning, such as internships and hands-on projects in enhancing the effectiveness of EE. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by demonstrating that EE’s effectiveness is significantly amplified when integrated with practical learning. It also challenges the assumption that EE universally enhances entrepreneurial attitudes, suggesting that additional interventions, such as exposure to role models and an enabling environment, may be required. By differentiating the effects of EE on specific constructs within Ajzen’s TPB, the research provides actionable insights for optimizing EE. These findings offer a roadmap for educators and policymakers to design targeted, experiential EE programmes that foster EI and address graduate unemployment challenges in Ghana.
Job satisfaction and labour turnover of early career academics at Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti (Abuad), Nigeria
(2026-03) Omotayo, Omiyale Ebunlomo; Okeke-Uzodike, O. E.; Ayodeji, E. A.
Universities, in Nigeria, both public and private been witnessing an increase in labour turnover especially among early career academics (ECAs) which is considered a major threat to institutional stability, performance and sustainability. . Irrespective of this there is a small but growing research in this area. This study explored the influence of job satisfaction on labour turnover of early career academics at Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti (ABUAD), Nigeria. Specifically, the study investigated the influence of the key aspects of job satisfaction namely, remuneration, work environment, staff development, job security and job enlargement on labour turnover intentions of early career academics in ABUAD. . A qualitative approach, guided by interpretivist philosophy, and a phenomenological design was adopted for the study. A non-probability purposive sampling was used to draw a sample size of 43, from a target population of 217. Data were gathered through face-to-face (FTF) interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). The FTF was done with 6 participants, while focus group discussions involved 6 groups with 6 to 7 members. Participants included in this study possessed a minimum of five years of postdoctoral experience and were aged 25-45 years. Thematic analysis was employed and recurring themes, patterns, and meanings relevant to the research objectives were identified. Findings reveal that job satisfaction is strongly linked to timely remuneration, a positive work environment, and opportunities for staff development. Conversely, perceived job insecurity, excessive workload, negative attitudes at work, and rigid institutional policies lower job satisfaction and increase turnover intentions. The study recommended leadership and management buy-in for initiatives relating to academic job satisfaction. Such will help in management in making informed policy decisions, which ultimately would increase academic job satisfaction, improve retention, and productivity.
Utilising FMEA to improve the reliability of packaging equipment : the case of packaging equipment at Pepsico Durban
(2026-05) Govender, Dean; Ramchander, Manduth
The study aimed to enhance the reliability of packaging equipment at PepsiCo Durban using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA). The focus is on mitigating unplanned stoppages in the packaging hall, which has led to significant waste of potato chips due to equipment failures. The research addresses the need for proactive maintenance strategies within the Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry, emphasising the importance of sustainable practices in manufacturing. The methodology used a mixed-method approach, including document analysis of maintenance records, thematic analysis to identify patterns and critical failure modes and interviews with the maintenance team. The study evaluated the implementation of audit findings from ISO 9001 and the PepsiCo Europe Maintenance Methodology (PEMM). By integrating FMEA within the existing quality management framework, the research developed a comprehensive strategy to improve equipment reliability and reduce operational inefficiencies. This approach aligns with Sustainable Development Goals, particularly those related to responsible consumption, climate action, and life on land. Overall, the study provides insights into improving operational sustainability using FMEA in enhancing packaging process reliability, ultimately contributing to the reduction of packaging waste and promoting environmental stewardship. The study identified critical failure modes in packaging equipment, particularly mechanical wear, lubrication deficiencies, and inadequate preventive maintenance, as primary contributors to unplanned downtime at PepsiCo Durban. Through the application of FMEA, the research uncovered root causes such as ineffective maintenance scheduling, insufficient operator and engineering personnel training, and poor documentation practices. High-risk equipment, including case packers and sealers, was prioritised using Risk Priority Numbers (RPNs). The study further developed targeted strategies to improve equipment reliability, including enhanced preventive maintenance planning, operator and engineering personnel upskilling, and improved spare parts and data management. The integration of FMEA into the existing quality management framework proved effective in reducing equipment failure, minimising waste, and supporting sustainable operational improvements aligned with PepsiCo’s environmental and efficiency goals.
Factors that influence consumers’ non-adoption of FMCG online shopping post Covid-19 in South Africa
(2026-05) Matli, Cleopatra Moipone; Govender, Jeevarathnam Parthasarathy
The study investigates the factors influencing the non-adoption of online shopping for FastMoving Consumer Goods (FMCG) among South African consumers. Despite high internet penetration, advanced payment systems, and growing e-commerce infrastructure, the adoption of online FMCG shopping remains low. Existing literature predominantly focuses on adoption, leaving a critical gap in understanding resistance behaviours. This study addresses this gap by developing and empirically testing an integrated theoretical model that inverts the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the Social Exchange Theory (SET), Trust Transfer Theory (TTT), Social Presence Theory (SPT) and incorporates Technophobia. Adopting a post-positivist paradigm and a quantitative, cross-sectional design, data were collected from 414 respondents who had never purchased FMCG online. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), the study tested the hypothesised relationships among twelve constructs. The results revealed that while traditional technology-related factors such as negative performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions were not significant predictors of non-adoption, relational and trust-based constructs were pivotal. Specifically, perceived lack of reciprocity and distrust in online shopping channels significantly influenced reluctance to shop online, with distrust in online payment systems and lack of social presence emerging as strong antecedents of distrust. The findings highlight that non-adoption stems less from usability or access issues and more from a deficit in trust and social exchange integrity. The study contributes theoretically by inverting the adoption paradigm and practically by offering insights for research practitioners and retailers to design interventions that foster trust and inclusive digital participation in South Africa’s evolving e-commerce landscape.
An assessment of generic management strategies on the competitiveness of micro textile entrepreneurs in Durban
(2026-05) Machela, Tsepo; Mugova, Shame
The liberalisation of international trade has disrupted the South African textile industry, by undermining the viability of locally manufactured garments with the influx of cheap Chinese imports. The heightened competition has led to the closure of numerous domestic factories, triggering a structural shift within the sector. In response, many displaced workers and entrepreneurs have turned to micro-textile enterprises as a survival strategy, resulting in a proliferation of highly competitive micro-enterprises that operate informally to eradicate poverty and unemployment. The growth of this informal business activity has reshaped the industry’s landscape. This study investigates whether micro-businesses' competitive strategies align with Porter's generic strategies in enabling them to gain a competitive edge. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative and qualitative data for comprehensive analysis. Quantitative data were gathered from 384 respondents using stratified random sampling and analysed with SPSS version 26, employing Likert-scale and closed-ended questions. Qualitative data were obtained through indepth interviews and open-ended surveys with 50 respondents and analysed using NVivo software. A sequential triangulation design prioritised qualitative data, while quantitative findings offered supplementary indigenous strategies that enable a deeper understanding of industry experiences and micro-enterprise growth strategies. The study revealed that competitive strategies within micro-textile enterprises are primarily driven by cost minimisation or differentiation rooted in the unique skills of the owner-manager, who serves as both entrepreneur and fashion designer. Ubuntu principles are embedded within the pricing strategies adopted by these businesses, with a strong emphasis on value-based pricing. This approach prioritises a supportive, collaborative environment that enhances customer wellbeing and social justice, advocating that prices should reflect the intrinsic value of the product rather than purely market-driven considerations. In doing so, microentrepreneurs seek to balance commercial viability with ethical responsibility, fostering inclusivity and community-oriented business practices. Additionally, the findings revealed how technology adoption and personality traits drive organisational sustainability and competitiveness, emphasising their importance in enabling organisations to adapt and thrive in a dynamic and ever-evolving environment. The study demonstrates that the Ubuntu management philosophy can function as a strategic framework for enhancing competitiveness among micro-entrepreneurs operating in the informal sector. It provides a synthesis of Ubuntu principles within organisational strategy, contributing to both theoretical development and practical application. This framework enables the pursuit of competitive advantage through ethical, collective, and inclusive leadership, rather than relying solely on market positioning.
A framework to facilitate collaborative governance as a mechanism for reconciling conservation and local community livelihoods in protected areas
(2026-05) Qwatekana, Zikho; Chili, Nsizwazikhona Simon
The governance of protected areas plays a crucial role in balancing conservation objectives with the socio-economic needs of local communities. While collaborative governance has been recognized as a mechanism for enhancing conservation outcomes and community livelihoods, challenges persist in achieving equitable and effective stakeholder participation. This study aimed to examine the governance structures of protected areas in South Africa, focusing on the interplay between conservation authorities, local communities, and ecotourism stakeholders. The research sought to identify both the barriers and opportunities for collaborative governance in ensuring the sustainability of protected areas. The study adopted a qualitative research approach, employing stakeholder interviews, policy analysis, and case studies of selected protected areas. A purposive sampling method was used to engage key informants, including conservation managers, local governance representatives, and community stakeholders. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to assess governance effectiveness, stakeholder engagement, and policy implementation in protected area management. Findings reveal that while collaborative governance has the potential to improve conservation outcomes and socio-economic benefits, its full realization is hindered by unequal power distribution, limited local capacity, and conflicting stakeholder priorities. The study highlights that existing governance structures, though well-intentioned, often fail to facilitate meaningful participation and equitable benefit-sharing. Additionally, governance inefficiencies, policy misalignments, and the absence of adaptive management strategies further challenge sustainable protected area management. Despite these barriers, the research identifies opportunities for strengthening governance frameworks through inclusive decision-making, improved local capacity-building, and dynamic stakeholder partnerships. The study underscores the need for adaptive and inclusive governance models that reconcile conservation imperatives with local development aspirations. Without equitable and transparent governance frameworks, the long-term sustainability of protected areas remains at risk. The findings emphasize the importance of fostering stronger collaborative mechanisms to address emerging challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and land tenure disputes. Future research should focus on refining governance models to enhance stakeholder participation and ensure sustainable outcomes for both conservation areas and the communities that depend on them. The study advocates for the development of dynamic, context-specific governance mechanisms that are transparent, inclusive, and adaptable to changing environmental and socio-economic conditions.
The mediating role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in enhancing land reform policies in South Africa
(2026-05) Khumalo, Sandile Sihle; Anwana, Emem O.; Khumalo, T E
This study explores the mediating role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in addressing challenges within South Africa’s land reform policies, focusing on restitution, redistribution, and tenure reform. Despite the potential of land reform to rectify historical injustices and boost rural development, implementation has been hindered by ineffective policies, corruption, bureaucratic delays, and limited support for small-scale farmers. The study argues that private sector involvement, particularly through CSR (or Corporate Social Investment, CSI), can enhance land reform outcomes by supplementing government efforts. In 2024, South African companies allocated R12.7 billion to CSI, with 21% directed toward small-scale farming—a significant increase from 8% in 2023. Using qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews with 15 stakeholders (Agri-sector representatives, government officials, and small-scale farmers), the study applies Social Justice and Stakeholder Theory to analyse CSR’s impact. Findings reveal that CSR initiatives provide critical support, including funding, technical assistance, market access, and infrastructure, yet challenges persist, such as market barriers, land access, and climate vulnerabilities. Recommendations emphasise Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) to establish blended financing mechanisms, integrate CSR into land reform policies for post-settlement support, and implement presettlement assessments to evaluate beneficiaries’ agricultural competencies. The study concludes that CSR can significantly contribute to land reform success by fostering sustainable livelihoods, rural development, and economic growth when strategically aligned with policy frameworks.
Perceptions of small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) regarding the supply chain practices of the Department of Transport (DoT) in the Chris Hani District
(2026-05) Xuba, Viwe; Pillay, S.
Small, medium, and micro-enterprises (SMMEs) are vital contributors to economic enhancement, job creation, and poverty alleviation, particularly in developing regions. Their integration into public sector supply chain processes often faces significant challenges, undermining their growth potential. This study explores the perceptions of SMMEs regarding the supply chain management (SCM) practices of the Department of Transport (DoT) in the Chris Hani District in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This study employs a qualitative research approach and utilizes a case study approach to explore how SMMEs engage with the Department of Transport’s supply chain processes, aiming to uncover underlying challenges and potential areas for enhancement. Data was gathered using semi structured interviews with 20 representatives from SMMEs operating in different sectors, allowing for a broad range of perspectives. The interview questions focused on the efficiency, transparency, fairness, and support provided by DoT’s SCM practices. The data were analysed thematically using NVivo software, revealing key issues such as delays encountered in procurement processes, lack of clear communication, perceived favouritism, and difficulties meeting regulatory requirements. The study also highlighted limited access to financial and technological resources as critical barriers for SMMEs to participate effectively in government supply chain processes. Guided by the stakeholder theory and the resource-based view, the research contextualizes the findings within the broader public sector accountability and resource optimization framework. Recommendations include improving SCM transparency through digital tools, enhancing communication with SMMEs, implementing capacity-building initiatives, and fostering a more inclusive procurement process. These measures aim to address identified gaps, reduce barriers, and enable the DoT to create a more equitable environment for SMME participation. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on SMME development and public sector supply chain practices while providing actionable insights for policymakers to strengthen SMME engagement and promote economic growth in the Chris Hani District.
The role of influencer marketing on South African Generation Y consumers
(2024-03) Ntobaki, Paballo Patience; Moodley, Padhma
In the contemporary landscape, the evolution of consumer-brand relationships has seen a remarkable shift catalysed by the surge of social media. Formerly unidirectional, the relationship now incorporates interactive elements, fostering identification and proximity between consumers and brands. Social media's pervasive integration within modern society, empowered by technological advancements, has rendered it a scalable conduit for information exchange among millions of users. Notably, it has unveiled the private lives of influential individuals to the public eye, facilitating consumer access to brand-related content through these personalities. This exposure engenders endorsement-like effects, shaping consumer perceptions of brands affiliated with these influencers. Crucially, it has redefined consumer-brand interactions and behaviors. Recognising the significance of brand recognition among South African consumers, especially the Generation Y cohort renowned for its brand loyalty, brands strive to tailor strategies that resonate with these distinct segments. However, marketers face challenges in aligning with evolving customer preferences within limited budgets, while consumers increasingly rely on social media for purchasing decisions. Amidst this backdrop, influencer marketing emerges as a crucial strategy in marketing, yet gaps persist in understanding its efficacy relative to other communication channels. This study aims to investigate the role of influencer marketing on Generation Y consumers in South Africa. Specifically, it seeks to address the following research question: What is the role of influencer marketing in shaping the brand perceptions and purchasing intentions of Generation Y consumers in South Africa? Employing a mixed-method approach, the research comprises an exploratory qualitative phase to illuminate the phenomenon, subsequently informing a quantitative phase as the primary investigation. Ten South African social media influencers constitute the qualitative sample, while the quantitative segment aimed for 500 respondents yielding a 95% response rate from 475 respondents. Interviews with influencers were conducted via online platforms, while the survey encompassed various social media platforms, emails, targeting computer literate Generation Y individuals comfortable with social media. Qualitative data underwent thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's iterative process, while quantitative data underwent analysis encompassing descriptive and inferential statistics such as factor analysis, ANOVA, and structural equation modeling. SPSS and AMOS version 29 were utilized for analysis and interpretations at α=0.05. This integrated methodology endeavors to unravel the intricate dynamics between influencer marketing and Generation Y consumer behaviors in South Africa's evolving market landscape. The study's qualitative findings detailed how influencers strategically used different social media platforms, tailoring content to match specific audience tastes. This helped them build stronger connections and engage better with their followers. Knowing who their audience was and tailoring content became crucial for making relatable and engaging posts. Different influencers had unique ways of captivating audiences through diverse niches and content strategies. Keeping up with changing trends and platforms was key, showing the need for a flexible approach in influence marketing. In the quantitative analysis, it became clear that influencers need to be active across various social media platforms to meet the diverse preferences of South African Generation Y consumers. Generation Y prefers electronic communication, especially on social media, for networking, decision-making, and staying connected. They highly rely on influencers, engaging actively with different post types and considering their opinions when making purchases. Influencers have a strong impact on how Generation Y sees brands, making endorsed brands more trustworthy and appealing. This study firmly establishes the substantial influence of social media influencers on the behavior and brand perceptions of Generation Y consumers. The influential role of influencers in shaping opinions and purchase behaviors confirms the trust and reliance placed on them by Generation Y. Studies from various regions have shown that influencers who maintain a transparent and authentic relationship with their audience tend to have higher engagement and credibility. Factors like authenticity, perceived honesty, and prior product experiences shaped trust in influencers, underscoring their influential role in driving Generation Y's opinions and purchasing behaviors, aligning with insights from qualitative data. Additionally, the study developed a theoretical framework and proposed recommendations for both marketers and academic circles. It also identified avenues for future research, highlighting areas that warrant deeper exploration within the realm of influencer marketing and Generation Y consumer behavior.
Role of co-operative education in preparing students for professional skills at the Durban University of Technology
(2024-11) Mathe, Ndukenhle Innocent; Pillay, S. S.; Mbona, S. V.
This study focuses on the role of Co-operative Education (Co-op) in preparing students for professional skills at the Durban University of Technology (DUT). The research addresses the challenge of graduates lacking adequate employability and professional skills in a competitive job market, which affects students, employers, and policymakers. The aim of the study was to determine how Co-operative Education programmes influence students’ learning and professional skill development. A mixed-methods approach was used, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with DUT students who participated in Work-Integrated Learning (WIL) programmes across six faculties. A sample of 313 students was selected to ensure reliable and representative findings. The results showed that 84.7% of students reported enhanced professional skills, including teamwork, communication, and problem-solving abilities, while 58.1% strongly agreed that WIL was effectively integrated into their academic curricula. The findings revealed that institutional support, strong faculty-industry collaboration, and structured learning experiences play a critical role in the success of Co-op initiatives. This study contributes valuable insights into how Co-operative Education can bridge the gap between academia and industry, improve graduate employability, and align higher education outcomes with national skills development strategies. In conclusion, the research highlights the importance of strengthening WIL integration and industry partnerships to ensure that students are better equipped for professional success and that higher education remains responsive to evolving labour market demands
Exploring the organisational factors that facilitate or impede the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in four sports organisations based in eThekwini
(2026-03) Hlatshwayo, Nomndeni Ntandenhle; Hussain, Sameera Banu; Naidoo, Paulene
The increasing social consciousness among consumers has led to a heightened expectation for organisations to engage in practices that reflect social responsibility (Chatzopoulou and de Kiewiet 2021: 521). Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is defined as an organisation's social and ethical responsibilities to society that go beyond its financial commitments (Carroll and Brown 2018: 42-45). In the sports industry, CSR initiatives have grown significantly due to professionalisation, globalisation, and commercialisation, which have enhanced the financial power and societal influence of sports organisations (Walzel, Robertson and Anagnostopoulos 2018: 1; Carlini, Pavlidis, Thomson and Morrison 2021: 1). The aim of this study was to examine organisational factors that facilitate or impede the implementation of CSR in four sports organisations located in eThekwini, KwaZulu Natal: Hollywoodbets Dolphins, KZN Netball, KZN Tennis Association, and KZN Golf Union. Using a qualitative approach, data was collected through interviews with public relations and communications managers selected via the key informant technique (Moyo, Duffett and Knott 2020: 6). The findings highlight that staff involvement in the board, professionalism of individuals, and innovative capacity are key facilitators. Local knowledge contributed by staff enables effective responses to local needs despite the absence of formal qualifications. Financial autonomy emerged as an obstacle to CSR implementation. Findings also indicate that the size of an organisation is not a definitive determinant of CSR success. The study recommends aligning CSR objectives with core values and integrating CSR into organisational operations. Leveraging internal strengths can enhance CSR impact and sustainability within sports organisations.
Student engagement on social media in higher education : a case of Durban University of Technology’s business school students
(2026-01) Govender, Kamlyn; Molokwane, R. W. S; Kamwendo, Andrew Ronald
In this modern era, social media platforms have become an integral part of the academic regime. This study investigated the influence of social media platforms on academic engagement and collaboration among MBA students at the Durban University of Technology (DUT) Business School. In response to the growing integration of digital tools in higher education, the research aimed to assess how platforms such as WhatsApp and LinkedIn impact academic collaboration. In addition, the study aimed to assess the impact of engagement, and perceived effectiveness in an MBA context. The study employed a quantitative research design using a structured questionnaire distributed to all registered MBA students (N=83), employing the census sampling method. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study reveals that social media significantly fosters academic collaboration by enabling students to share resources, engage in group discussions, and maintain flexible communication. Students who regularly engaged on these platforms reported greater participation in academic activities such as, class discussions and group assignments. Moreover, respondents perceived social media as an effective medium for enhancing academic engagement, improving access to information, and strengthening communication with peers and lecturers. The results indicate that social media tools, when used purposefully, can complement formal learning environments by promoting flexibility, peer support, and timely knowledge sharing. It is recommended that institutions leverage social media as a strategic tool in postgraduate education, particularly for part-time students navigating academic and professional commitments.
Exploring the adoption factors for enterprise resource planning cloud-based system: a case study of Durban University of Technology
(2026-05) Ntuli, Thabile; Govender, S.
This research investigated the primary factors affecting the implementation of ERP cloud-based systems at Durban University of Technology (DUT). The objective was to identify obstacles, evaluate user perceptions, and recommend ways to improve enterprise resource planning acceptance and utilisation at higher education institutions (HEIs). A quantitative research methodology was employed, and data were gathered using a standardised questionnaire administered to 62 DUT personnel. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire administered electronically via Microsoft Forms to a sample of 62 staff members at the Durban University of Technology (DUT). A stratified random sampling technique was employed to ensure proportional representation across different staff categories The findings demonstrated that training, technical assistance, and management communication substantially influence user satisfaction and total ERP adoption. Regression research indicated that training and management communication were the most significant predictors of ERP satisfaction. Participants also identified difficulties, including insufficient consultation during system implementation, restricted technical support, and sluggish system performance. The research concludes that effective ERP implementation in higher education institutions relies on both technological and organisational preparedness. Effective communication, ongoing user training, and stakeholder involvement are essential for achieving system acceptability and enduring sustainability. Recommendations encompass the creation of role-specific training program, enhancement of change management procedures, and the alignment of ERP deployment with institutional strategic objectives. The results enhance comprehension of ERP adoption dynamics in higher education institutions and offer a paradigm for optimising implementation outcomes in developing countries.

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