Policing system and electoral violence : a case of Nigeria’s fourth republic

Abstract

Electoral violence is a persistent challenge to Nigeria's democratic consolidation, threatening the integrity of the electoral process and national stability. The study investigated the relationship between law enforcement and electoral violence in Nigeria's Fourth Republic. It examined the current policing system, identified deficiencies, and proposed measures to mitigate electoral violence. Key objectives include analysing the policing structure, its link to electoral violence, challenges to reform, and recommending effective measures. The study used face-to-face interviews with stakeholders, transcribed and analysed using NVivo 12 software. Thematic analysis revealed significant deficiencies in Nigeria's policing system in managing electoral violence. Recommended reforms include structural changes, capacity building, and enhancing police independence and accountability. Minimising political interference and restoring public trust in law enforcement are crucial for safeguarding democratic processes. The study highlighted the impact of socio-economic grievances on electoral violence and the interplay of weak legal frameworks, inadequate law enforcement, corruption, and impunity. Technological innovations, such as electronic voting systems and digital whistleblowing platforms, are essential for enhancing electoral efficiency and transparency. The study concluded that addressing electoral violence in Nigeria requires a multifaceted approach, including structural police reforms, socio-economic development, technological innovations, stringent rules for defaulters, and international cooperation. Comprehensive reforms are necessary to enhance legal and institutional frameworks, ensuring the integrity and stability of Nigeria's electoral processes.